1
referee
裁判，裁判员
The referee blew the whistle to stop the game.
裁判吹响哨子停止了比赛。
2
sheet
一张（纸）
Please write your name on a sheet of paper.
请在一张纸上写下你的名字。
3
shredder
碎纸机
Put these old documents into the shredder.
把这些旧文件放进碎纸机里。
4
accordingly
照着；相应地
The rules have changed, and we must act accordingly.
规则变了，我们必须相应地采取行动。
5
by
（表示程度、数量）相差
I missed the bus by just two minutes.
我只差两分钟就没赶上公交车。
1
come across
偶然发现；偶然遇见
I came across an old photo while cleaning my room.
我在打扫房间时偶然发现了一张旧照片。
2
score very well
取得很高的分数
If you study hard, you will score very well on the exam.
如果你努力学习，你会在考试中取得很高的分数。
3
prove … to oneself
向自己证明……
He wants to prove to himself that he can finish the marathon.
他想向自己证明他能跑完马拉松。
4
develop a series of studies
开展一系列研究
The scientists plan to develop a series of studies on climate change.
科学家们计划开展一系列关于气候变化的研究。
5
on average
平均而言
On average, I spend two hours doing homework every day.
平均而言，我每天花两个小时做作业。
6
but rather
而是；恰恰相反
It wasn't a mistake, but rather a deliberate choice.
那不是个错误，而是一个深思熟虑的选择。
7
see sth. as …
把某事看作……
Many people see failure as a stepping stone to success.
许多人把失败看作通往成功的垫脚石。
8
place limits on …
对……加以限制
The school places limits on the use of mobile phones in class.
学校对课堂上使用手机加以限制。
9
come up with sth.
想出；提出（主意、借口等）
She came up with a brilliant idea for the project.
她想出了一个绝妙的项目主意。
10
an excuse for doing sth.
做某事的借口
Being tired is not an excuse for not doing your homework.
累了并不是不做作业的借口。
11
the extent of sth.
某事的程度；范围
We don't know the full extent of the damage yet.
我们还不知道破坏的全部程度。